PV power generation, in simple terms, is the use of solar energy to generate electricity. How is this process achieved? Let’s uncover the principles of photovoltaic power generation together.
Before understanding the principles of photovoltaic power generation, let’s first introduce the “photovoltaic effect”. The pv effect refers to the phenomenon of voltage generation at the two ends of a non-uniform conductor when light is irradiated on it. This phenomenon was first discovered by German physicist Carl Schön in 1839.
Now, let’s take a look at the process of photovoltaic power generation. Solar energy is irradiated on the solar panel, which is composed of many solar cell units. When sunlight is irradiated on the solar cell unit, the light energy is absorbed and converted into electrical energy. This process is the photovoltaic effect.
This electrical energy is transmitted through wires and enters the power electronic converter. Note that this is not an inverter. The power electronic converter is a broader concept, including rectifiers, choppers, inverters, AC controllers, and frequency converters, among others. The function of the power electronic converter is to convert direct current into alternating current so that it can be used in our homes and factories.
Next, let’s take a look at the advantages of pv power generation. First, photovoltaic power generation is a clean energy source that does not produce any harmful substances, such as carbon dioxide. Second, photovoltaic power generation can be established in any location with sunlight, without the need for any fuel, and is therefore not limited by energy sources and energy storage. Finally, pv power generation has high reliability because solar panels can operate stably for a long time without being affected by weather conditions like wind power generation.
However, photovoltaic power generation also has some disadvantages. First, the cost of pv power generation is relatively high, requiring a significant investment. Second, the conversion efficiency of solar panels is relatively low, with only about 20% of light energy being converted into electrical energy. Finally, photovoltaic power generation requires a large amount of land, making it unsuitable for establishment in urban areas.
In summary, photovoltaic power generation is a promising renewable energy technology that can help us solve energy crises and environmental pollution problems. Although there are currently some disadvantages, with the continuous advancement and development of technology, it is believed that pv power generation will play an increasingly important role in the future. Let’s look forward to this bright future together!
